About the authors

Zarin Mahmud

Zarin joined Centre for London in 2022 as a Researcher. Before joining the Centre, she worked in both the public and the private sector, as well as completing a degree in International Relations and Social Anthropology. Her work includes publications on impact investment and higher education in London.

Josh Cottell

Josh is a Research Manager at Centre for London. Since joining the Centre in 2021, he has published on the capital’s levelling-up challenges and on the role of bikes, e-bikes, and e-scooters in London’s transport ecosystem. Before joining Centre for London Josh worked at the Education Policy Institute.

Claire Harding

Claire Harding is Research Director at Centre for London. She joined the Centre in 2020 and is responsible for our research programme. Before joining Centre for London, Claire worked at Coram Family and Childcare. She has previously also worked in mental health and local government consultancy.

Acknowledgements

We are grateful to everyone who shared their time and expertise with us throughout this project. In particular, we thank the members of our Advisory Group: Silviya Barrett (Director of Policy and Research, Campaign for Better Transport); Joanne Beaney (Communications and Engagement Specialist, Transport for London); Andy Bland (Head of Sales, Southeast England, Enterprise Holdings); Tanya Braun (Head of Policy and Communications, Living Streets); Lucy Foreman (Transport Planning Manager, Be First Regeneration); Georgia Heathman (Senior Public Policy Manager, TIER Mobility); Matthew Hill (Assistant Director, Highways, Transport and Regulatory Services, The Royal Borough of Kingston Upon Thames); Jonathan Holdcroft (previously Head of Corporate Affairs, Worldline); Laura Holloway (Head of Government and Public Affairs, UK & Ireland, Enterprise Holdings); Amandeep Kellay (Portfolio Manager, Impact on Urban Health); Rachel Lee (Policy and Research Manager, Living Streets); Paul Ravenhill (Transport Market Director, Worldline); Annie Reddaway (Public Policy Manager, TIER); Ashok Sinha (Chief Executive, London Cycling Campaign); Tim Thomas (Head of Transport, Infrastructure and Policy Planning, Be First Regeneration); James Turgoose (Director, Turgoose Advisors); and Shashi Verma (Director of Strategy and Chief Technology Officer, Transport for London).

In addition, we would like to thank all those who generously gave their time to take part in an interview: Iqbal Ahmed (Senior Public Policy Manager, Dott); Rachel Aldred (Professor of Transport, University of Westminster); Ian Baker (Sustainable Transport and Commissioning Team Manager, The Royal Borough of Kingston Upon Thames); Rafe Bertram (Sustainability Lead, London Borough of Enfield); Nicolas Bosetti (Senior Consultant, Momentum Transport Consultancy); Catherine Bowen (Senior Policy Adviser, BVRLA); Andrew Casson (Borough Cycling Programme Manager, London Borough of Redbridge); Patricia Cazes-Potgieter (Planning Manager for TTLP, Transport for London); Matthew Clark (Associate Director, Steer); Georgia Corr (Public Policy Manager, Lime); Edward Dawes (Principal Analyst, Transport for London); Agathe de Canson (Principal Project and Policy Officer, London Councils); Richard Dilks (Chief Executive, CoMoUK); Richard Diment (Cabinet Member for Education, London Borough of Bexley); Daniel Douglas (Transport Planning Team Leader; London Borough of Havering); Richard Eason (Healthy Streets Programme Director, London Borough of Enfield); Emma Elston (Sustainability Associate, Be First Regeneration); Jonathan Hampson (Head of UK Partnerships, Via); Robin Hickman (Professor of Transport and City Planning, University College London); Geoff Hobbs (Director of Public Transport Service Planning, Transport for London); Alexander Jan (Chief Economic Adviser, London Property Alliance); Cameron McKenzie (Sustainability Officer, Peabody); Ollie More (Senior Policy Officer for London, Sustrans); Betty Owoo (Architectural Designer, Be First Regeneration); Spencer Palmer (Strategic Director of Environment, Housing and Neighbourhoods, London Borough of Sutton); Ian Plowright (Head of Strategic Transport, London Borough of Croydon); Jane Sherry (Sustainable Transport Project Manager, London Borough of Waltham Forest); Alex Smith (Head of Campaigns, London TravelWatch); Nnenna Urue-Eke (Head of Development, London Borough of Enfield); and David Wilson (Climate Response Strategy Manager for Transport and Public Realm, London Borough of Lambeth).

Thanks also go to our Centre for London colleagues Nick Bowes (for support with policy recommendations), Jon Tabbush (for support with data analysis), and Klara Blazek (for designing the report).

Finally, this project would not have been possible without the support of our principal sponsor Enterprise Holdings, and our supporting sponsors Worldline and Be First.

Nonetheless, the views expressed in this report are solely those of the authors, and all errors and omissions remain our own.